R
Literature Review 2020–2025 Survey
SR-2025-B
State of the Art

Rigorous Numerics & Algorithms for Prime Calculation OS

Building upon the benchmarks of the 2010s, this report reviews key literature from 2020–2025. The analysis highlights a 5-year trend focused less on theoretical novelty and more on the "practical application of verified computation" and "extreme optimization of existing methods."

$\pi(10^{29})$
Prime Counting Record
$\tilde{O}(\sqrt{N})$
Complexity Lower Bound
Coq/Why3
Integrated Formal Verification
Verified
NN Control & ODE Solvers

B Current State & Challenges

2025 Summary

Trend: Precision vs Complexity

*Conceptual visualization of progress

Research Position Breakthrough

The preceding studies have established strong benchmarks in their respective fields as follows:

(i) Verified Numerics High-precision
verification per problem
(ii) ODE/PDE Local stability
guarantees
(iii) Formal Verification Formal verification of
FPUs & controllers
(iv) Prime Algorithms High-speed counters
for evaluating $\pi(x)$

However, a "Prime Calculation OS" that encapsulates analytic prime formulas within finite operations and a $\Sigma_1$-type ledger has yet to be constructed.

The breakthrough of this research lies in providing the OS structure and the finite closure framework to fill this gap, directly connecting prime calculation to the contexts of verified numerics and formal verification.

Ref References